(1) Ellipsoidal, torispherical, and other types of formed heads shall be attached to the shell with a butt weld, or as illustrated in the applicable Figure UW13.1, sketches (a), (b), (c), and (d). The construction shown in sketch (e) may also be used for end heads when the thickness of the shell section of the vessel does not exceed 5/8 in. (16 mm) [see also (c) below]. Limitations relative to the use of these attachments shall be as given in the sketches and related notes and in Table UW-12. Figure UW-13.1, sketches (f), (g), and (h) are examples of attachment methods which are not permissible.
در UW-9 شرط فراهم شدن برای عمل Taper قطعه قید شده --- > وقتی اختلاف ضخامت بیش از ۱/۴ ضخامت جزء نازکتر یا بیش از ۳ میلیمتر البته هر کدام کوچکتر است باشد . طبق ۱:۳ میزان Taper کردن حداکثر حدود ۱۸ درجه خواهد بود.
بنابراین اگر اختلاف ضخامتی بود طبق کد می بایست مخروطی شود و عنوان نموده قائده مثلث ( l ) نباید کمتر از ۳ برابر ارتفاع ( y ) باشد.
UW-9 (C) Tapered Transitions
(1) A tapered transition having a length not less than three times the offset between the adjacent surfaces of abutting sections, as shown in Figure UW 9-1, shall be provided at joints between sections that differ in thickness by more than one‐fourth of the thickness of the thinner section, or by more than 1/8 in. (3 mm), whichever is less.
(2) The centerline of a butt weld attaching a component (flange, pipe, etc.) to a thickened neck nozzle that has a taper transition angle, α, less than 71.5 deg shall be located a minimum of 1.5t n from the taper (see Figure UW-9-2), where t n is the nominal thickness of the nozzle wall at the butt weld.
(d) Except when the longitudinal joints are radiographed 4 in. (100 mm) each side of each circumferential welded intersection, vessels made up of two or more courses shall have the centers of the welded longitudinal joints of adjacent courses staggered or separated by a distance of at least five times the thickness of the thicker plate.
جوشکاری بصورت butt weld ورق های با ضخامت نابرابر
تبصره C : در تمام موارد L نباید کمتر از ۳ برابر Y شود
در تصویر UW-9-2 فاصله Taper یا لبه سازی یا مخروطی کردن را زمانیکه قرار است نازلی که گردن ضخیمی دارد به فلنج یا لوله ای اتصال پیدا کند را داده . این فاصله از مرکز جوش حداقل ۱.۵ برابر ضخامت اسمی دیواره نازل در جای butt weld است و زاویه آلفا هم کمتر از ۷۱.۵ درجه خواهد بود.
Exercise Question: If there are two plates with different thicknesses of 20 mm and 14 mm. To connect the shell, both will be welded, then how much taper transition is needed?
y = offset distance between adjacent surfaces of abutting sections
= 20-14 mm = 6 mm
l =3y minimum = 3 x 6 =18 mm minimum
البته انداره L حداقل ۳y باید باشد